New York State Basic Emergency Medical Technician (EMT-B) Practice Exam

Which of the following is a sign associated with a patient with a history of diabetes who has an altered mental status?

1. Flushed face

2. Slow pulse

3. Drunken appearance

4. Warm dry skin

The correct answer is: Drunken appearance

A patient with a history of diabetes who presents with altered mental status may exhibit a "drunken appearance," which can be indicative of various metabolic issues, such as hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. The term "drunken appearance" refers to the confusion, disorientation, or incoherence that can occur when the body's glucose levels become dangerously low or high. This symptom can mimic the signs of intoxication, which can lead to misinterpretation of the patient’s condition. In the context of diabetes, altered mental status often points towards an emergency related to glucose imbalance. For instance, hypoglycemia can quickly lead to confusion, agitation, and even loss of consciousness, while hyperglycemia may similarly contribute to altered mental status through the effects of ketones or dehydration. The presentation of a "drunken appearance" in such a scenario is a significant indicator that immediate assessment and intervention are required to address the underlying condition affecting the patient.