New York State Basic Emergency Medical Technician (EMT-B) Practice Exam

What happens to the brain cells during hypoglycemia?

1. They become hyperactive

2. They undergo starvation

3. They are reinforced by insulin

4. They transform into fat cells

The correct answer is: They undergo starvation

During hypoglycemia, the brain experiences a significant lack of glucose, which is its primary energy source. When glucose levels drop, brain cells cannot function properly because they rely on this sugar for energy. This lack of energy leads to a state akin to starvation, where the cells do not receive the necessary nutrients to perform their vital functions. As glucose is critically important for maintaining the brain's metabolism and neurotransmission, prolonged hypoglycemia can cause serious damage to brain cells. The brain's reliance on glucose for its energy needs underscores the importance of maintaining stable blood sugar levels to ensure proper brain function. Therefore, during hypoglycemia, brain cells undergo starvation due to insufficient glucose availability, impacting their performance and overall health.